The invasion of alien plant species into native plant communities has become a common phenomenon worldwide over the past several decades ( Ramula and Pihlaja, 2012 Wang et al., 2017, 2019). We hope that the findings could provide a theoretical basis for the invasion mechanism and ecological consequences of the Moso bamboo invasion. Finally, the aboveground biomass and the diversity index had no significant correlation in each layer and overall stands. However, the biomass of the shrub and herbaceous layers showed an increasing trend (shrub significant but herbaceous not), but they only occupied a small proportion (∼1%) of the total biomass. The total and arborous-layer aboveground biomass of the forest community has had no noticeable change ( P < 0.05). In contrast, the species richness of the shrub and herbaceous layers had two divergent indications (increasing or unchanged), and the evenness remained unchanged. The results showed that the species composition and species dominance of the arborous layer changed significantly ( P < 0.05), which was indicated by the significantly decreased species richness (Margalef index, Shannon–Wiener index, and Simpson index) and evenness (Pielou evenness index). Three plots were established in each SF, MB, and transitional forest. This study adopted the space-for-time method to investigate a secondary coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest (SF) being invaded by an adjacent Moso bamboo forest (MB) in the Wuxie forest reserve, Zhejiang Province. One concern is whether the invasion of Moso bamboo significantly simplifies forest community composition and structure and declines biomass. In recent decades, Moso bamboo has been largely increasing in the subtropical area of China, raising ecological concerns about its invasion into other native forest ecosystems.
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